Electric furnace steelmaking uses graphite electrodes to introduce current into the furnace. The strong current passes through the gas at the lower end of the electrodes to generate arc discharge, and the heat generated by the arc is used for smelting. According to the capacity of the electric furnace, graphite electrodes with different diameters are used. To make the electrodes use continuously, the electrodes are connected by electrode threaded joints. Graphite electrodes for steelmaking account for about 70-80% of the total amount of graphite electrodes.

Anti-oxidation method of graphite electrode of electric arc steelmaking furnace. When the graphite electrode works normally, its temperature can reach 1400°C. However, the graphite electrode reacts with oxygen or oxygen-containing substances such as steam, CO2, SO2, etc. in a high-temperature gas environment to become a graphite electrode oxide. The graphite anode oxide is separated from the graphite electrode and cannot form a whole. The corrosion and oxidation of graphite electrodes at high temperatures will lead to the reduction of the brittle layer, hardness, strength, toughness, and other indicators of graphite electrodes, and shorten the normal working time of graphite electrodes. Graphite is a relatively valuable material for businesses. Corrosion and oxidation lead to increased production costs and waste of energy materials.

Graphite electrode anti-oxidation coating adopts a nanoscale flake structure, which has good compactness, oxidizes and decarburizes the layer on the surface of the material, prevents the gas from contacting with the material, and has a hardness of 7-8H, which has good impact resistance. The coating can increase the service life of graphite electrodes by 60-100%. In the neutral salt spray test and high temperature and high humidity test, it can increase the corrosion resistance of objects by more than 3 times.

Graphite electrode anti-oxidation coatings can exert ideal anti-oxidation effects in the temperature range of minus 20-1800 °C. Good bonding and thermal shock resistance can be established between the coating and the substrate. It is resistant to erosion and penetration of slag, reduces inclusions in steel, and has a purifying effect on molten steel, aluminum, and copper. The coating has self-sealing and self-repairing capabilities, and has good shrinkage performance at high temperatures, effectively increasing the oxidation resistance of graphite electrodes in the modern nonferrous metallurgy industry and increasing the service life; at the same time, it reduces the oxidation rate of the graphite electrode side and increases arc combustion stability. Save power consumption, extend the life of graphite electrodes, prevent potential safety hazards caused by oxidation, and have high economic benefits.