Electric arc furnace steelmaking is to use graphite electrodes to introduce current into the furnace. The strong current passes through the electrodes to generate arc discharge, and the heat generated by the arc is used for smelting. According to the capacity of the electric arc furnace, graphite electrodes with different diameters are used. To make the electrodes use continuously, the electrodes are connected by electrode nipples. Graphite electrodes applied for steelmaking account for about 70-80% of the total consummation of graphite electrodes.

When the graphite electrode works normally, its temperature can reach 1400°C. However, the graphite electrode reacts with oxygen or oxygen-containing substances such as steam, CO2, SO2, etc. in a high-temperature gas environment to become a graphite electrode oxide. The graphite anode oxide is separated from the graphite electrode and cannot form a whole. The corrosion and oxidation of graphite electrodes at high temperatures will lead to the reduction of the brittle layer, hardness, strength, and toughness of graphite electrodes, and shorten the normal working time of graphite electrodes. Graphite is a relatively valuable material for factories. Corrosion and oxidation will lead to increased production costs and waste of energy materials.

The graphite electrode anti-oxidation coating adopts inorganic nanotechnology and nano-ceramic fish scale structure. It is in melts and sinters the network glass phase state at high temperature. It has good compactness and can oxidize and decarburize the surface of the material to prevent gas and material contact. Its hardness can reach 7-8H with good impact resistance. The coating can increase the service life of graphite electrodes by 60-100%. In the neutral salt spray test and high temperature and high humidity test, it can increase the corrosion resistance of objects by more than 3 times.

Graphite electrode anti-oxidation coatings can exert ideal anti-oxidation effects in the temperature range of minus 20-1800 °C. Good bonding and thermal shock resistance can be established between the coating and the substrate. It is resistant to erosion and penetration of slag, reduces inclusions in steel, and has a purifying effect on molten steel, aluminum, and copper. The coating has self-sealing and self-repairing capabilities and has good shrinkage performance at high temperatures, which can effectively increase the oxidation resistance of graphite electrodes in the modern nonferrous metallurgy industry and increase the service life. At the same time, it reduces the oxidation rate of the graphite electrode side and increases arc combustion stability. It saves power consumption, prolongs the life of graphite electrodes, prevents potential safety hazards caused by oxidation, and has high economic benefits.